Lots of victim blaming in here. Regardless of how this guy reacted, it never should have gotten to this point. United bear the sole responsibility for creating and escalating this when they had many other options to choose from before ever laying hands on their customer. If they had explored those options we wouldn't be having this discussion. They took the easy way out by putting their problem into the lap of a paying customer. Their fault, full stop.
You're absolutely right. United had many other options that should've and could've prevented this. It should never have gotten to the point of needing to involuntarily remove a passenger. But once it did go that far, it seems highly likely that the passenger and aviation cops contributed more than their fair share to the physical confrontation that ensued. I don't think "fault" is always fully attributable to the very first thing that could've prevented any problem. That provides an undeserving excuse for all contributing actions.
I agree with you mostly. I see it in three stages:1) United should have found alternate means for their crew. In this stage, 100% of the blame lies with them.2) Once they made the mistake and we progress to this stage, the passenger was refusing a lawful order and bears some of the blame. However, he doesn't get all the blame in this stage because even now, United could have called it all off and found alternate travel plans for their crew. I'd say in this stage, blame goes 70/30 to United. It's not 50/50 because, although the guy is not complying, he still shouldn't be asked to.3) Now we're at the police involvement stage. Or security. I'm still not 100% sure who these guys were. They were called in, just doing their job, just like the real cops would be if I was belligerent and refused to leave a restaurant or bar. At that point, you resist arrest and bad stuff can happen to you. I give the cops 5% of the blame here, and that's probably too high. Lots of people will blame them much more because they're the ones on video busting the guy's face, but until some proof comes out that the uniform INTENTIONALLY slammed the guy's face, I'm giving them mostly a pass. When it gets to that point, you can't blame the cop. Fault here lies 5% with the cop, 65% with United, 30% with the guy (the last two for the same reasons as #2).