At the Statue of Liberty there is a plaque with a poem, The New Colossus, engraved upon it. You may be familiar with one of it's more popular bits:
"Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!"
This quote seems to embody what many of us think about those immigrants, that they were really the tired, poor and huddled masses, the wretched refuse the old world. That they came here to escape religious or ethnic persecution, hard economic times or war. But how much of this is true? Why did your family actually come here? What was their version of the "American Dream"?
My Grandfather was more than 100 years old when he passed a few months ago and his death and the things that came out of it shook me up pretty bad. I dealt with that but also the idea of losing the oldest member of my family and an important link to the past. It got me digging in to my family's history and pondering that question - why did they come here? What drove them to emigrate?
Here's what I found on mine and the reasons I think they left, much of it I can only speculate on based on where they came from, bits about them and events at the time:
Mother's side (Swedish/English/Scottish)
Great Grandfather 1 (GGF1) - Baptist family from Stockholm. The state church was Lutheran so that may have played a part. Sweden was also overcrowded and a lot of people left for better opportunties here. His parents emigrated to Wisconsin in the 1870's. I'm guessing that it was for Religious Freedom/Economic Opportunity.
Great Grandmother 1 (GGM1) - Lutheran family from Stockholm. No idea exactly why they left but they also settled in Wisconsin around the same time, probably got swept up in the wave of Swedes that left so I'll say Economic Opportunity.
GGF2 - Scottish family that emigrated to Nova Scotia but I have no idea when or why. He went to college in Toronto and became a doctor. Moved to New York and then Wisconsin in the 1920's. Economic Opportunity.
GGM2 - English family that emigrated to Toronto and I have no idea when or why. Met my great grandfather and moved with him to the states in the 1920's. Economic Opportunity.
Father's side (German)
GGF1 - German family from Wissembourg in what is now France. Emigrated around 1795 and settled in New York and then Indiana where the family started a large furniture making company. Wissembourg was a battleground during the wars of the French Revolution and so either that or the prospect of making money probably drove the move. War/Economic Opportunity.
GGM1 - Also from Alsace Lorraine and probably ethnic German judging from the maiden name. Married in Europe and emmigrated at the same time. War/Economic Opportunity.
GGF2 - German family from Silesia, emigrated in 1920 to Ohio with his wife and my Grandmother probably due to the shakeup from the Silesian Uprisings after World War One. Started a factory in Ohio and lost it during World War Two. War/Economic Opportunity.
GGM2 - Came with my great grandfather. War/Economic Opportunity.
I just found it interesting because of eight of those families I think only one really falls into the "huddled masses" or "refuse" category. Everybody else was pretty average and just decided to make the jump...in fact they may have been slightly better off than their countrymen if they were able to afford to move and do what some of them did in the states. Is that true for you? Did your ancestors really get the boot?